

Dual Citizenship Guide
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What is dual citizenship?
Dual citizenship or multiple nationality means that a person is legally recognized as a citizen of two or more countries at the same time. Not all countries allow their citizens to have dual citizenship. Before seeking to obtain dual citizenship, always double-check whether your country allows dual citizenship.
What are the advantages of dual citizenship?
There are many benefits to becoming a dual citizen, from quality of life to global mobility.
Safety
Obtaining permanent residence in a stable and peaceful country can protect the applicant's life safety in the event of any political, economic or social unrest in the country.
Global liquidity
Many passports have very strict policies regarding visa-free movement, requiring citizens to obtain a visa before traveling abroad. A second passport can allow individuals from these countries to move more freely around the world.
See our Passport Index to find out the visa-free score for every passport in the world.
Business
For participants of investment residence programs, since they can do business in their host country and travel abroad more conveniently, they can obtain many new business opportunities.
For participants of investment residence programs, since they can do business in their host country and travel abroad more conveniently, they can obtain many new business opportunities.
Dual citizenship may be beneficial for tax optimization. For example, some countries only tax income earned in their own country and do not charge capital gains tax. This allows investors to manage their wealth more efficiently.
Quality of Life
Second citizenship can provide access to world-class healthcare, education, and a better quality of life.

How to obtain dual citizenship?
Methods of obtaining a second citizenship and passport include: birth, naturalization, marriage and investment.
born
Some countries allow non-residents to obtain citizenship if their parents were born in that country. For example, Hungary allows people who do not live in the country to apply for Hungarian citizenship if they can prove that their parents are citizens.
Categorize
Naturalization is the process by which residents of a country are converted to citizenship, usually by living in that country as a permanent resident for a certain number of years. For example, permanent residents of Canada must have lived in Canada for four years out of six years before they are eligible to apply for citizenship. People with temporary status, such as students and foreign workers, must first obtain permanent residency before they can begin counting years of residence toward the citizenship requirement.
If you wish to obtain second citizenship through naturalization, be sure to carefully check the requirements of the country in which you live.
marriage
Some countries have fast-track pathways to grant permanent residency to individuals married to citizens of that country, speeding up the time it takes to obtain citizenship. For example, Canada allows spousal sponsorship, which automatically grants permanent residency to foreign spouses.
invest
An increasing number of countries are offering citizenship or residency by investment programs to high net worth investors. Citizenship by investment programs refer to the process of obtaining second citizenship by investing in the country's economy. Residency by investment programs refer to obtaining permanent residency by investment, thereby accelerating the time required to obtain citizenship.
Which countries allow or recognize dual citizenship?
Many countries allow dual citizenship outright, while some only allow it under special circumstances. Below is Elton Capital's full list of countries and their dual citizenship policies.
国家 | 双重国籍 | 条件/例外 |
---|---|---|
多明尼加共和国 | 是 | |
东帝汶 | 是 | |
厄瓜多尔 | 是 | |
埃及 | 是 | |
萨尔瓦多 | 是 | |
赤道几内亚 | 是 | |
厄立特里亚 | 否 | |
爱沙尼亚 | 否 | |
埃塞俄比亚 | 否 | |
斐济 | 是 | |
芬兰 | 是 | |
法国 | 是 | |
加蓬 | 不涉及 | |
冈比亚 | 是 | |
乔治亚州 | 否 | 只有在总统授予外国人公民身份时才被允许。 |
德国 | 是 | 在申请第二国籍之前,必须申请保留许可才能保持德国国籍。 |
加纳 | 是 | |
希腊 | 是 | |
格林纳达 | 是 | |
危地马拉 | 是 | 允许双重国籍,前提是另一个国家同时也允许。 |
几内亚 | 不涉及 | |
几内亚比绍 | 是 | 允许双重国籍,前提是另一个国家同时也允许。 |
圭亚那 | 否 | |
海地 | 是 | |
洪都拉斯 | 是 | 如果与该国有条约,则允许双重国籍。 |
香港 | 是 | |
匈牙利 | 是 | |
冰岛 | 是 | 允许双重国籍,前提是另一个国家同时也允许。 |
印度 | 否 | |
印度尼西亚 | 否 | |
伊朗 | 否 | |
伊拉克 | 是 | |
爱尔兰 | 是 | |
以色列 | 是 | |
意大利 | 是 | |
牙买加 | 是 | |
日本 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 22 岁。 |
约旦 | 是 | |
哈萨克斯坦 | 否 | |
肯尼亚 | 是 | |
基里巴斯 | 否 | |
北朝鲜 | 否 | |
韩国 | 是 | |
科索沃 | 是 | |
科威特 | 否 | |
吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 是 | |
老挝 | 否 | |
拉脱维亚 | 是 | |
黎巴嫩 | 是 | |
莱索托 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 21 岁。 |
阿富汗 | 否 | 由于政治不稳定或战争而逃离该国并获得新公民身份的前阿富汗公民,仍可持有“非官方”阿富汗公民身份 |
阿尔巴尼亚 | 是 | |
阿尔及利亚 | 是 | |
美属萨摩亚 | 是 | 美属萨摩亚遵循美国的双重国籍原则 |
安道尔 | 否 | 西班牙承认与安道尔的双重国籍。 |
安哥拉 | 是 | |
安提瓜和巴布达 | 是 | |
阿根廷 | 是 | |
亚美尼亚 | 是 | |
澳大利亚 | 是 | |
奥地利 | 否 | 允许通过出生获得的双重国籍。如为了奥地利的利益,也将允许双重国籍。 |
阿塞拜疆 | 否 | |
巴哈马 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 18 岁。 |
巴林 | 否 | |
孟加拉国 | 否 | 拥有外国国籍的孟加拉国公民及其子女必须申请双重国籍证书。 |
巴巴多斯 | 是 | |
白俄罗斯 | 否 | |
比利时 | 是 | |
伯利兹 | 是 | |
贝宁 | 是 | |
不丹 | 否 | |
玻利维亚 | 是 | |
波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那 | 是 | 只要两国之间有双边协议。 |
博茨瓦纳 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 21 岁。 |
巴西 | 是 | |
文莱达鲁萨兰国 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 18 岁。 |
保加利亚 | 是 | |
布基纳法索 | 是 | |
布隆迪 | 是 | |
柬埔寨 | 是 | |
喀麦隆 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 21 岁。 |
加拿大 | 是 | |
佛得角 | 是 | |
中非共和国 | 是 | |
乍得 | 不涉及 | |
智利 | 是 | |
中国 | 否 | |
哥伦比亚 | 是 | |
科摩罗 | 是 | |
刚果民主共和国(金沙萨) | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 21 岁。 |
刚果民主共和国(金沙萨) | 是 | |
哥斯达黎加 | 是 | |
象牙海岸 | 是 | |
克罗地亚 | 是 | |
古巴 | 否 | |
塞浦路斯 | 是 | |
捷克共和国 | 是 | |
丹麦 | 是 | |
吉布提 | 是 | |
多米尼克 | 是 | |
卢旺达 | 否 | |
圣基茨和尼维斯 | 是 | |
厄瓜多尔 | 是 | |
埃及 | 是 | |
萨尔瓦多 | 是 | |
赤道几内亚 | 是 | |
厄立特里亚 | 否 | |
爱沙尼亚 | 否 | |
埃塞俄比亚 | 否 | |
斐济 | 是 | |
芬兰 | 是 | |
法国 | 是 | |
加蓬 | 不涉及 | |
冈比亚 | 是 | |
乔治亚州 | 否 | 只有在总统授予外国人公民身份时才被允许。 |
德国 | 是 | 在申请第二国籍之前,必须申请保留许可才能保持德国国籍。 |
加纳 | 是 | |
希腊 | 是 | |
格林纳达 | 是 | |
危地马拉 | 是 | 允许双重国籍,前提是另一个国家同时也允许。 |
几内亚 | 不涉及 | |
几内亚比绍 | 是 | 允许双重国籍,前提是 另一个国家同时也允许。 |
圭亚那 | 否 | |
海地 | 是 | |
洪都拉斯 | 是 | 如果与该国有条约,则允许双重国籍。 |
香港 | 是 | |
匈牙利 | 是 | |
冰岛 | 是 | 允许双重国籍,前提是另一个国家同时也允许。 |
印度 | 否 | |
印度尼西亚 | 否 | |
伊朗 | 否 | |
伊拉克 | 是 | |
爱尔兰 | 是 | |
以色列 | 是 | |
意大利 | 是 | |
牙买加 | 是 | |
日本 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 22 岁。 |
约旦 | 是 | |
哈萨克斯坦 | 否 | |
肯尼亚 | 是 | |
基里巴斯 | 否 | |
北朝鲜 | 否 | |
韩国 | 是 | |
科索沃 | 是 | |
科威特 | 否 | |
吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 是 | |
老挝 | 否 | |
拉脱维亚 | 是 | |
黎巴嫩 | 是 | |
莱索托 | 否 | 允许拥有双重国籍至 21 岁。 |
阿富汗 | 否 | 由于政治不稳定或战争而逃离该国并获得新公民身份的前阿富汗公民,仍可持有“非官方”阿富汗公民身份 |
阿尔巴尼亚 | 是 | |
国家 | 双重国籍 | 条件/例外 |
---|---|---|
Yemen | yes | Dual citizenship is permitted, provided prior permission is obtained. |
Zambia | yes | |
Zimbabwe | yes | Dual citizenship by birth is permitted. |
saint lucia | yes | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | yes | |
Samoa | yes | |
san marino | no | |
Sao Tome and Principe | no | |
Saudi Arabia | no | |
Scotland | yes | |
Senegal | Not involved | |
Serbia | yes | |
Seychelles | yes | |
Sierra Leone | yes | |
Singapore | no | |
Slovakia | no | |
slovenia | yes | Multiple citizenship by birth or descent is permitted. |
Solomon islands | No | Multiple nationalities by birth or descent are allowed. |
somalia | yes | |
South Africa | yes | Dual citizenship is permitted only with prior permission to retain South African citizenship. |
South Sudan | yes | |
Spain | yes | Dual citizenship is permitted if the intention to maintain Spanish nationality is declared within 3 years of acquiring foreign nationality. |
Sri Lanka | yes | A reservation application must be submitted to be allowed dual citizenship. |
Sudan | yes | |
Surinam | no | |
Eswatini | no | |
Sweden | yes | |
Switzerland | yes | Dual citizenship is permitted, provided that the other country does not require the original citizenship to be revoked. |
Syria | yes | |
Taiwan | yes | |
Tajikistan | Yes | Dual citizens will only be considered citizens of Tajikistan. |
Tanzania | no | Dual citizenship is allowed until age 18. |
Thailand | yes | |
Tibet | yes | |
Togo | no | |
Tonga | Yes | |
Trinidad and Tobago | yes | Citizens of Trinidad and Tobago are allowed dual citizenship by birth or descent. |
Tunisia | Yes | |
turkey | yes | |
Turkmenistan | no | |
Tuvalu | Not involved | |
Uganda | Yes | |
Ukraine | no | |
United Arab Emirates | yes | |
U.K. | yes | |
USA | yes | |
Uruguay | yes | |
Uzbekistan | no | |
Vanuatu | no | |
Vatican city | Yes | |
Venezuela | yes | |
Vietnam | Yes | |
British Virgin Islands | yes | |
Liberia | no | Dual citizenship is allowed until adulthood. |
Libya | no | |
Liechtenstein | no | |
Lithuania | yes | Dual citizenship is permitted in certain specific circumstances. |
Luxembourg | yes | |
Macao | yes | |
Macedonia | yes | |
Madagascar | No | |
Malawi | no | Dual citizenship is allowed until the age of 22. |
Malaysia | no | |
Maldive | No | |
Mali | Yes | |
malta | yes | |
Marshall Islands | no | |
Mauritania | No | |
Mauritius | Yes | |
Mexico | Yes | |
Micronesia | no | Dual citizenship is allowed until the age of 18. |
Moldova | yes | |
Monaco | no | |
Mongolia | no | |
Montenegro | no | Dual citizenship is permitted, provided there is a bilateral treaty in place with a country. |
Morocco | Yes | |
Mozambique | no | |
Myarmar | No | |
Namibia | yes | Dual citizenship is only available to Namibian citizens by birth. |
Nauru | yes | |
Nepal | no | |
Netherlands | no | Dual citizenship is allowed if you were born in another country and acquired nationality as a result, or lived there as a minor, or if you automatically acquired the nationality of your spouse. |
New Zealand | yes | |
Nicaragua | yes | |
Niger | yes | |
Nigeria | yes | Nigeria allows its citizens to acquire dual citizenship by birth. |
Norway | No | If you can't cancel your current citizenship,the second citizenship status are allowed. |
Oman | no | |
Pakitan | Yes | Limited to 18 countries with which it has an agreement. |
Palau | no | Dual citizenship is allowed until age 21. |
Palestinian Territory | Not involved | |
Panama | yes | |
papua new guinea | yes | |
Paraguay | yes | Multiple nationality by birth or descent is permitted where there is an international treaty. |
Peru | yes | |
the Philippines | no | |
Poland | yes | |
Protugal | Yes | |
Qatar | no | |
Romania | yes | |
Russian Federation | yes | |
*The above list is compiled by Global Migration Consultancy through extensive research. Not all countries are listed. If you need our list to be updated, please feel free to contact us.
Does the country allow multiple citizenship?
Some countries do allow their citizens to hold more than one citizenship. Check your country's government website or embassy to find out if multiple citizenship is allowed. The above list from Global Immigration Consulting Services Ltd. will tell you if dual citizenship is recognized.
What can Global Migration Consultancy do for you?
Global Migration Consultancy helps individuals and families become global citizens. We are a financial advisory firm specializing in residence and citizenship investment programs, and we consider ourselves to be the most important link between dreams and reality. We provide a customized service experience supported and sustained by long-term partnerships. Global Migration Consultancy plays a key role in empowering governments, consultants, legal and financial professionals, and investors to achieve their goals efficiently, effectively, and responsibly.